Crowned & Rooted
Dried herbs, spices and a cup of deep red hibiscus tea laid out on a wooden table

Herbs, Spices & Teas

The wisdom in the cupboard

Our grandmothers brewed, rubbed and simmered what they knew. Here is that knowledge, where each plant comes from, what science says today, and how to use it safely alongside your medicine.

A woman about fifty-eight with silver locs in a kitchen full of herbs

Before you brew

Respect the plant, respect your body

Long before any American medical school existed, West and Central African women held deep plant knowledge: what to eat, what to rub into skin and hair, what to brew for a fever or a hard labor. Enslaved "doctor women" carried that knowledge across the ocean and adapted it to new soil, and Gullah Geechee root doctors and herbalists kept it alive along the coast. That is documented history, and it is ours.

Plants are also strong medicine. "Natural" does not mean "safe with everything." Many herbs change blood pressure, blood sugar, bleeding and how your prescriptions work.

  • Food amounts (spices in cooking, a cup or two of tea) are safe for most people.
  • Supplement amounts (capsules, extracts, tinctures) are where most side effects and interactions happen.
  • In the U.S., supplements are not approved by the FDA before they are sold. Look for a USP or NSF seal.
  • Take a list of every herb and supplement to your doctor and pharmacist.
Mrs. Revell
Mrs. Revell says

My grandmother's tea cured a lot of worry. It did not cure her pressure. She needed both the tea and the pill, and so might you. Tell your pharmacist what is in your cup.

Sources: Sharla Fett, Working Cures (UNC Press) · National Park Service, Gullah · NCCIH, Using dietary supplements wisely

How to read the tags

Honest evidence, every card

Strong

Several good human trials or official guidance agree.

Some

At least one controlled human trial, but small, short, or not repeated.

Weak

Lab, animal or uncontrolled human data only.

Traditional use

Long cultural use, no real clinical testing. Still meaningful, just not proven.

An evidence ladder with four steps: traditional use, weak, some, strong
The evidence ladder: how much science stands behind each herb.

The herb library

32 herbs, spices and teas

Tap a button to filter. "African roots" shows plants native to Africa or central to African and diaspora tradition. Every card says honestly where the plant comes from.

Some (blood pressure)

Hibiscus (bissap, zobo, sorrel)

Hibiscus sabdariffa, the calyx

Roots: grown and loved across West Africa: bissap in Senegal and Mali, zobo in Nigeria. Carried to the Caribbean, where it became Christmas sorrel.

Traditional use: the deep-red festive drink, hot or cold; hair rinses.

Science: in a 2010 trial of 65 adults with high-normal or mildly high pressure, three cups a day for six weeks lowered systolic pressure about 7 points vs about 1 with placebo. Small and short; does not replace medicine. Hair use is traditional only.

How: 1 to 2 teaspoons dried per cup, steep 5 to 10 minutes. Go light on sugar.

Safety: adds to blood pressure medicine and diuretics. Avoid in pregnancy.

Traditional use

Baobab

Adansonia digitata

Roots: the great tree of the Sahel and African savanna.

Traditional use: fruit pulp eaten and stirred into drinks; leaves cooked as greens; seed oil used on skin.

Science: the fruit powder is a food rich in vitamin C and fiber; health claims beyond nutrition are not proven.

How: a spoon of fruit powder in smoothies or porridge; baobab oil on skin.

Safety: a food. Its fiber can upset the stomach if you start with too much.

Traditional use

Kola nut

Cola nitida, Cola acuminata

Roots: the forest zone of West Africa.

Traditional use: chewed for alertness; offered as hospitality and in ceremony.

Science: contains caffeine, which explains the alertness. No proven health benefits beyond that.

How: as tradition and hospitality, in small amounts.

Safety: caffeine: can raise heart rate and blood pressure and disturb sleep. Limit in pregnancy.

Weak / Some

Black seed (Nigella sativa)

"Black cumin," habbatul barakah

Roots: native to Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean; used for thousands of years in Egypt and North Africa, and in Muslim communities across Africa.

Traditional use: seeds on bread, oil for skin, hair and "everything."

Science: small human studies hint at modest effects on blood pressure and blood sugar; one tiny study of 20 women with shedding used a 0.5% lotion. Not enough to rely on.

How: seeds in cooking; diluted oil on scalp after a patch test.

Safety: topical allergy reported. By mouth may lower blood pressure and blood sugar; caution with those medicines and blood thinners; avoid supplement doses in pregnancy.

Weak

Rooibos (red bush)

Aspalathus linearis

Roots: South Africa's Cederberg mountains, where Khoi and San peoples brewed it long before it was sold worldwide.

Traditional use: everyday caffeine-free tea.

Science: rich in antioxidants; human research is limited.

How: 1 heaping teaspoon per cup, steep 5 to 7 minutes. Great swap for sweet tea or soda.

Safety: generally safe as a drink. Rare liver-injury reports with very heavy use.

Some (stress)

Ashwagandha

Withania somnifera

Roots: grows wild from North and East Africa through the Middle East to India; best known from India's Ayurveda.

Traditional use: a tonic for strength and calm.

Science: small trials suggest it may ease stress and help sleep. No evidence for hair.

How: capsules or powder, only after checking with your doctor.

Safety: avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Rare liver injury. Not with thyroid or autoimmune disease without your doctor. May interact with diabetes, blood pressure, sedative, anti-seizure and immune-suppressing medicines.

Some (skin)

Aloe vera

Aloe barbadensis

Roots: likely from the Arabian Peninsula; hundreds of aloe species are African, and aloe is grown across the continent and the Caribbean.

Traditional use: burns, cuts, scalp and curls.

Science: gel has some evidence for minor burns and skin irritation.

How: clear gel on skin; in homemade curl gel.

Safety: do not drink aloe latex or whole-leaf aloe: harsh laxative, removed from over-the-counter laxatives; whole-leaf extract caused cancer in rats.

Weak

Fenugreek

Trigonella foenum-graecum

Roots: the Mediterranean and Near East; used in ancient Egypt and today in Ethiopian and Eritrean cooking (abish), as well as Indian and Caribbean kitchens.

Traditional use: spice, hair rinse, milk supply.

Science: may lower blood sugar after meals, but many studies were low quality. No strong evidence for hair.

How: as a spice; seed tea at most 1 cup a day, not for long stretches.

Safety: not safe in pregnancy above food amounts (birth-defect concern). Lowers blood sugar. Bleeding risk with blood thinners. Allergy if you react to peanuts or chickpeas. Maple-syrup smell in sweat.

Some (topical pain)

Cayenne and hot peppers

Capsicum species

Roots: native to the Americas. Arrived in Africa through Atlantic trade and became central to West African pepper soups, stews and suya spice.

Traditional use: warming, circulation, colds.

Science: capsaicin creams have evidence for some nerve and joint pain. Claims as a heart cure are not proven.

How: in food; it can help you use less salt.

Safety: heartburn; burns eyes and skin. Capsules may interact with blood thinners and blood pressure medicines.

Traditional use

Moringa

Moringa oleifera

Honest roots: native to South Asia (India), not Africa. It became a staple across West Africa, the Caribbean and beyond, where it is eaten as a nutrient-dense green.

Traditional use: leaves in soups and stews; "miracle tree" tea.

Science: leaves supply vitamin C, provitamin A, calcium and iron. Bigger claims come from lab and animal studies.

How: leaf powder in soup or smoothies; leaf tea.

Safety: root and bark may cause uterine contractions: avoid moringa in pregnancy unless your doctor approves. May lower blood sugar and pressure and affect levothyroxine.

Some (scalp)

Rosemary

Salvia rosmarinus

Roots: the Mediterranean, including the North African coast.

Traditional use: cooking, hair rinses and oils.

Science: a 2015 trial of 100 men with pattern hair loss found rosemary oil and 2% minoxidil gave similar results at six months. Small, no placebo, men only.

How: diluted oil massaged into the scalp; rosemary water rinse; in food.

Safety: never undiluted, never swallow the oil. Large medicinal amounts not advised in pregnancy or with seizure disorders.

Weak

Stinging nettle

Urtica dioica

Roots: Europe, Asia and North Africa.

Traditional use: the classic mineral-rich "hair tea."

Science: no good trials showing nettle grows hair. A pleasant, mineral-rich drink.

How: 1 tablespoon dried leaf per cup, steep 10 to 15 minutes.

Safety: mild water pill; may lower pressure and sugar; interacts with blood pressure, diabetes medicines, diuretics, lithium; vitamin K affects warfarin. Avoid in pregnancy. Wear gloves with fresh nettle.

Some (nausea)

Ginger

Zingiber officinale

Roots: Southeast Asia. Today grown widely in West Africa and the Caribbean; a must in ginger beer and Nigerian and Ghanaian cooking.

Traditional use: stomach, colds, warmth.

Science: good evidence for easing nausea, including in pregnancy.

How: simmer sliced fresh ginger 10 minutes; add lemon and honey.

Safety: heartburn, gas. Supplement doses may add to bleeding risk with blood thinners. Pregnancy: ask your OB about amounts. No honey for babies under one.

Weak

Turmeric

Curcuma longa

Roots: South Asia. Common in Caribbean curries and in East African cooking.

Traditional use: inflammation, skin masks, golden milk.

Science: little reliable evidence for most uses; poorly absorbed on its own.

How: in cooking with black pepper and a little fat; golden milk.

Safety: supplements linked to liver injury cases. Bleeding risk with blood thinners. Gallstones: ask first. Stains skin and towels.

Weak

Cinnamon

Cinnamomum species

Roots: Sri Lanka and South Asia. Traded into Egypt and East Africa since ancient times.

Traditional use: warming spice, "blood sugar" tea.

Science: studies on blood sugar are mixed; it does not replace diabetes care.

How: in oatmeal, sweet potatoes, rooibos tea.

Safety: cassia cinnamon (most supermarket cinnamon) contains coumarin, which can harm the liver in large amounts. Keep supplement doses away unless your doctor agrees.

Some

Garlic

Allium sativum

Roots: Central Asia. Fed the pyramid builders of ancient Egypt, according to long tradition, and seasons kitchens across Africa and the diaspora.

Traditional use: colds, pressure, "clean blood."

Science: may slightly lower blood pressure and cholesterol; evidence for colds is weak.

How: fresh, crushed into food. Lets you use less salt.

Safety: bleeding risk with blood thinners and before surgery; reduces the effect of some HIV medicines (saquinavir). Heartburn and breath.

Some (PCOS)

Spearmint

Mentha spicata

Roots: Europe and the Mediterranean. Mint tea is a daily ritual across North and West Africa, from Moroccan tea to Senegal's attaya.

Traditional use: after-meal tea.

Science: a 2010 trial in 42 women with PCOS: two cups a day for 30 days lowered testosterone; doctor-measured hair growth did not change in that time.

How: 1 tablespoon fresh or 1 teaspoon dried, steep 5 to 7 minutes.

Safety: can worsen reflux. Have PCOS? Tell your doctor rather than self-treat.

Some (IBS capsules)

Peppermint

Mentha x piperita

Roots: a European mint hybrid.

Traditional use: stomach aches, headaches.

Science: enteric-coated peppermint oil capsules may ease IBS symptoms. Tea is soothing; less studied.

How: tea after meals.

Safety: can worsen heartburn and GERD. Keep the oil away from babies' faces.

Weak / Some

Chamomile

Matricaria chamomilla

Roots: Europe and Western Asia; Egypt is today one of the world's big growers.

Traditional use: bedtime, upset stomach, skin washes.

Science: evidence for sleep is mixed; low-risk for most people.

How: 1 tablespoon flowers, steep covered 5 to 8 minutes, 30 to 60 minutes before bed.

Safety: skip if allergic to ragweed, daisies, marigolds or chrysanthemums. May interact with warfarin and sedatives. Pregnancy: ask first.

Some (anxiety, oral)

Lavender

Lavandula angustifolia

Roots: the Mediterranean, including North Africa.

Traditional use: calm, sleep, linens.

Science: a specific oral lavender-oil product has some evidence for anxiety; evidence for smelling it (aromatherapy) is limited.

How: a pinch of food-grade buds in chamomile tea; diluted oil on a pillow, not skin, for sleep.

Safety: never drink lavender essential oil. Can irritate skin. May add to sedatives.

Weak

Lemon balm

Melissa officinalis

Roots: the Mediterranean and Western Asia.

Traditional use: calming tea, sleep, cold sores (cream).

Science: small studies, often mixed with other herbs. Promising for calm, not proven.

How: a teaspoon in your bedtime tea.

Safety: may reduce thyroid hormone activity: avoid medicinal doses with thyroid disease or levothyroxine. Adds to sedatives and alcohol. Pregnancy safety not established.

Some

Holy basil (tulsi)

Ocimum tenuiflorum

Roots: India, where it is sacred. Related African basils are used in West African cooking and medicine.

Traditional use: stress, colds, blood sugar.

Science: a 2017 review of 24 small human studies suggested benefits for stress, blood sugar and blood pressure, but few studies were high quality.

How: tulsi tea, 1 to 2 cups.

Safety: may lower blood sugar; caution with diabetes medicine and blood thinners. Avoid in pregnancy or when trying to conceive.

Weak

Green tea

Camellia sinensis

Roots: China. The sweet green tea of North and West Africa (attaya, Moroccan mint tea) is made with Chinese gunpowder green tea.

Traditional use: energy, digestion, hospitality.

Science: safe as a drink; definite conclusions on most health uses are not possible.

How: 1 to 3 cups, not with iron-rich meals.

Safety: caffeine. Extract pills linked to rare liver injury. Lowers the effect of the beta-blocker nadolol and may affect atorvastatin.

Weak / none

Sea moss (Irish moss)

Chondrus crispus, Gracilaria

Roots: North Atlantic seaweed. The Caribbean sea moss drink (often made with Gracilaria) is a beloved Jamaican and Trinidadian tradition.

Traditional use: strength, "vitality," thickening drinks.

Science: no strong human trials.

How: occasionally, in small amounts, from a tested brand.

Safety: very high and variable iodine can upset the thyroid. Can carry arsenic, lead and mercury. Avoid with thyroid disease, other iodine supplements or pregnancy unless your doctor approves.

Weak

Horsetail

Equisetum arvense

Roots: Europe, Asia and North America.

Traditional use: silica for hair and nails.

Science: weak evidence.

How: we suggest skipping it for food-first hair care.

Safety: some products destroy vitamin B1 (thiamine). Avoid in pregnancy, kidney disease or alcohol use disorder. Diuretic.

Weak / Some (mostly men)

Saw palmetto

Serenoa repens

Roots: the southeastern United States; berries used by Native peoples of Florida.

Traditional use: men's prostate; hormone-related thinning.

Science: small positive trials for pattern hair loss, mostly in men. NCCIH says evidence is not enough for any condition.

Safety: may act on hormones: avoid in pregnancy or when trying to conceive. Bleeding caution with blood thinners.

Weak

Red raspberry leaf

Rubus idaeus

Roots: Europe and North America; a long-time "midwife's tea."

Traditional use: to tone the womb before labor.

Science: limited and mixed; some studies suggest no harm late in pregnancy, but quality is low.

Safety: in pregnancy, only with your OB or midwife's OK, usually later in pregnancy.

Weak

Sage

Salvia officinalis

Roots: the Mediterranean, including North Africa.

Traditional use: hot flashes, sore throat gargle.

Science: limited evidence for menopause symptoms.

How: in cooking; a mild tea.

Safety: some sage contains thujone, which can cause seizures in large amounts. No supplement doses in pregnancy, breastfeeding or with seizure disorders.

Traditional use

Oregano

Origanum vulgare

Roots: the Mediterranean, including North Africa.

Traditional use: digestion, coughs, "oil of oregano" for germs.

Science: safe in food; little evidence for health claims.

Safety: medicinal amounts possibly unsafe in pregnancy. Large doses may raise bleeding risk.

Traditional use

Thyme

Thymus vulgaris

Roots: the Mediterranean, including North Africa. Essential in Caribbean and Creole cooking.

Traditional use: cough and chest-cold tea.

Science: human evidence on its own is thin.

Safety: food amounts are fine. Avoid medicinal amounts in pregnancy; never swallow thyme oil.

Weak

Dandelion

Taraxacum officinale

Roots: Europe and Asia; the bitter greens were foraged by Southern families as spring "pot greens."

Traditional use: liver tonic, water pill, salad greens.

Science: little human evidence.

Safety: allergy if you react to ragweed. May act as a diuretic; caution with lithium, diuretics, diabetes medicines and some antibiotics.

Weak / Some

Elderberry

Sambucus nigra

Roots: Europe and North America.

Traditional use: flu and cold syrup.

Science: a few small studies suggest it may shorten flu symptoms; not a replacement for a flu shot.

Safety: raw or unripe berries, leaves and stems can cause nausea and vomiting; use cooked berries or tested products. Ask first with autoimmune disease or immune-suppressing medicines, and in pregnancy.

Mrs. Revell
Mrs. Revell says

When the card says "Traditional use," that is our foremothers talking. Honor it. When it says "Strong," that is the scientists agreeing. The best kitchens have room for both.

Sources: McKay 2010, hibiscus tea · Grant 2010, spearmint in PCOS · Panahi 2015, rosemary · MSK, Nigella sativa · MSK, Rooibos · MSK, Moringa · MSK, Cayenne · MSK, Nettle · NCCIH, Ashwagandha · Aloe vera · Fenugreek · Ginger · Turmeric · Cinnamon · Garlic · Peppermint oil · Chamomile · Lavender · Green tea · Saw palmetto · Sage · Dandelion · European elder · NIH LiverTox, Lemon balm · European Medicines Agency, Lemon balm · RxList, Lemon balm · Jamshidi & Cohen 2017, tulsi review · NIH LiverTox, Oregano · NIH LactMed, Oregano · European Medicines Agency, Thyme · MedlinePlus, Herbs (horsetail) · NIH LactMed, Raspberry leaf · Northwestern Medicine, Sea moss · CHOP, Sea moss · Crowned & Rooted history brief (African roots: shea, baobab, kola, hibiscus, moringa origin)

Tea for every need

Your tea chart

Food-level is 1 to 3 cups a day. Standard method: just-boiled water over the herb, cover the cup to keep the oils in, steep, strain.

A day from morning to night with suggested teas: green or rooibos in the morning, ginger or peppermint after meals, hibiscus in the afternoon, chamomile at night
A day of tea: energy in the morning, digestion after meals, calm at night.
TeaHelps withWhen to drinkEvidenceCaution
Hibiscus / bissap / sorrelBlood pressure (alongside care)Afternoon, hot or iced; 1 to 3 cupsSomeBP medicines, diuretics; not in pregnancy
RooibosCaffeine-free swap for sweet teaAny time, even eveningWeakGenerally safe
Green teaGentle energy, antioxidantsMorning, between mealsWeakCaffeine; not with iron-rich meals; nadolol
Ginger-lemonNausea, colds, digestionMorning or when queasySomeBlood thinners at big doses; ask in pregnancy
PeppermintGas, bloating, IBSAfter mealsSomeWorsens heartburn
SpearmintPCOS (androgens), after mealsTwice a daySomeReflux; tell your doctor if PCOS
Chamomile-lavenderWinding down, sleep30 to 60 minutes before bedWeakRagweed allergy; warfarin; sedatives
Lemon balmCalmEveningWeakThyroid medicine; sedatives
Tulsi (holy basil)StressAfternoonSomeDiabetes medicine; not in pregnancy
NettleMineral-rich "hair tea"DaytimeWeakBP and diabetes medicines, lithium, warfarin; not in pregnancy
Moringa leafNutrient boostMorningTraditionalNot in pregnancy; levothyroxine
ThymeChest colds and cough (comfort)When sickTraditionalFood-level only in pregnancy
Rosemary-mintA warming, herby cupDaytimeTraditionalLarge amounts in pregnancy or seizures
Fenugreek seedBlood sugar (low-quality studies)1 cup, not daily for longWeakNot in pregnancy; diabetes medicine; blood thinners
Red raspberry leafLate-pregnancy "womb tea"Only with OB or midwife's OKWeakAsk first, always
Tea and iron: black, green and some herbal teas with meals reduce how much plant iron you absorb. If your iron is low, drink tea between meals.
Recipes: our Recipes page has the Nettle-Hibiscus "Crown Tea," Rooibos-Cinnamon, Ginger-Lemon, Chamomile-Lavender Sleep Tea and more, plus a Caribbean sorrel cooler.
A woman in her fifties pouring deep red hibiscus tea
Rooted in Africa: one flower, many names. In Dakar it is bissap, poured cold at every celebration. In Lagos it is zobo, spiced with ginger and pineapple peel. In Kingston and Port of Spain it is sorrel, the Christmas drink with ginger and a little rum. In Mexico it is flor de Jamaica. Same red flower, carried along the routes our people travelled. Today we know it may also help blood pressure, a condition that hits Black Americans especially hard.

Sources: McKay 2010 · Grant 2010 · NCCIH, Chamomile · NCCIH, Peppermint · NCCIH, Ginger · NCCIH, Green tea · NIH ODS, Iron · American Heart Association, High blood pressure and African Americans

Read this before you mix

Herb and medicine interactions

These are the combinations that send people to the emergency room. Mostly at supplement doses, sometimes with daily strong teas. If you take any of these medicines, show this table to your pharmacist.

Big rule: tell your doctor, pharmacist and surgeon about every herb, tea and supplement. Many surgeons ask you to stop herbal supplements about a week before surgery.
If you take...Be careful withWhat can happen
Blood thinners (warfarin, apixaban, rivaroxaban, clopidogrel, daily aspirin)Garlic, ginger and turmeric supplements, fenugreek, high-dose fish oil, vitamin E, chamomile, saw palmetto, black seed. Nettle, greens and sea moss contain vitamin K (keep amounts steady on warfarin)Bleeding and bruising, or warfarin working less well
Blood pressure medicines and water pillsHibiscus, nettle, black seed, ashwagandha, moringa, dandelion, cayenne capsules; kola and caffeine push the other wayPressure drops too low (dizzy, faint), or pressure goes up
Diabetes medicines (metformin, insulin, sulfonylureas, GLP-1)Fenugreek, cinnamon supplements, moringa, holy basil, black seed, nettle, ashwagandhaBlood sugar drops too low (shaky, sweaty, confused)
Thyroid medicine (levothyroxine) or thyroid diseaseSea moss and kelp (iodine), lemon balm, ashwagandha, moringa. High-dose biotin skews thyroid testsThyroid swings; wrong lab results
Sedatives and sleep aids, anxiety medicines, alcoholChamomile, lavender, lemon balm, ashwagandhaToo sleepy, slowed breathing
LithiumNettle, dandelion and other "water pill" herbsLithium builds up to toxic levels
Beta-blocker nadolol; atorvastatinGreen tea (especially extracts)Medicine works less well
Immune-suppressing medicines (transplant, lupus, RA)Elderberry, ashwagandha, echinacea-type "immune boosters"May work against your medicine
Some HIV medicinesGarlic supplementsLower medicine levels
Liver disease or many daily medicinesTurmeric, green tea extract and ashwagandha supplements; cassia cinnamon in large amountsRare but serious liver injury
Upcoming blood testsHigh-dose biotin (hair, skin and nail gummies)False heart-attack (troponin) and thyroid results
Antidepressants, birth control and many othersSt. John's wort (not in our library for this reason)Makes many medicines, including birth control, work less well

Sources: NCCIH, Herb-drug interactions · NCCIH, St. John's wort · Garlic · Green tea · Ashwagandha · Fenugreek · Chamomile · MSK, Nettle · MSK, Herbal remedies and treatment · NIH ODS, Omega-3 · FDA, Biotin

A pregnant woman in her thirties resting her hands on her belly

Pregnant or trying

Herbs to avoid in pregnancy

Unless your OB or midwife says yes, skip these beyond normal food amounts:

  • Fenugreek (birth-defect concern, may stimulate the uterus)
  • Moringa, especially root and bark (uterine contractions)
  • Hibiscus in medicinal amounts
  • Ashwagandha
  • Saw palmetto (hormone effects)
  • Horsetail
  • Nettle tea
  • Sea moss (iodine, heavy metals)
  • Holy basil
  • Sage, oregano, thyme and rosemary in medicinal amounts or oils (cooking is fine)
  • Black seed supplements
  • High-dose vitamin A and retinoid creams
  • Red raspberry leaf only with your provider's OK, usually later in pregnancy
  • Essential oils by mouth, ever
Usually OK with your provider's knowledge: ginger for nausea, ordinary cooking spices, a cup of rooibos or peppermint tea. Breastfeeding has its own list; ask your pediatrician or check NIH LactMed.

Sources: NCCIH, Fenugreek · MSK, Moringa · NCCIH, Ashwagandha · NCCIH, Saw palmetto · MedlinePlus, Horsetail · CHOP, Sea moss · NIH ODS, Vitamin A · NIH LactMed, Raspberry leaf · NCCIH, Ginger

Building a starter herb pantry

Ten jars to start with

You do not need a hundred bottles. Start with these: safe at food level for most people, cheap, and useful in both the pot and the cup.

Dried hibiscus

Bissap, sorrel, iced tea. Skip in pregnancy.

Rooibos

Your caffeine-free everyday tea.

Fresh ginger

Tea, stir-fries, soups, ginger beer. Keep in the freezer and grate frozen.

Dried peppermint or spearmint

After-meal tea; attaya-style with green tea.

Chamomile flowers

Bedtime cup. Not if you have ragweed allergy.

Thyme

Caribbean and Creole cooking; a warm cup for a cough.

Garlic

Flavor that lets you cut the salt.

Ceylon cinnamon sticks

Ceylon has much less coumarin than cassia.

Turmeric and black pepper

Curries, rice, golden milk.

Salt-free seasoning blend

Onion, garlic, paprika, thyme, black pepper. See Recipes.

Buy smart

  • Small amounts, so they stay fresh.
  • Organic where you can; from shops that turn stock over fast.
  • Supplements: USP or NSF seal.
  • Skip products promising to "cure," "detox" or "melt fat."

Store right

  • Airtight glass jars, away from the stove and sunlight.
  • Label with name and date.
  • Leaves and flowers: about a year. Whole spices last longer than ground.
  • Lost its smell and color? Compost it.

Start slow

  • One new herb at a time, for a week or two.
  • Write down how you feel.
  • Stop if you get a rash, stomach upset, palpitations or dizziness.
  • Bring your list to every doctor visit.
A woman harvesting okra and herbs in a garden

Grow your own

Mint, thyme, rosemary, basil, lemon balm and chamomile grow happily in pots on a Philadelphia stoop or windowsill. Okra, collards and hot peppers do well in community gardens. Our foremothers kept provision gardens with African seeds, rice, okra, yams, black-eyed peas, so their families could eat and heal. A pot of mint on the windowsill is a small piece of that line.

Sources: Carney & Rosomoff, In the Shadow of Slavery (review) · Crowned & Rooted history brief

Where to buy in Philadelphia

Shop the apothecaries

Loose herbs, custom blends and people who know their plants, several of them Black-owned.

Black-owned · woman-led

Rise & Ritual

1439 N. 52nd St, West Philadelphia

Tea house and apothecary: 50+ herbs, custom blends, herbal consults and wellness events.

Black-owned

Dope Botanicals

257 S. 20th St, Rittenhouse

Tinctures, tonics and teas from organic and ethically foraged herbs.

Reading Terminal Market

Herbiary

1136 Arch St, Center City

Bulk herbs, teas, salves, essential oils and books. Open daily.

See the full Philly GuideTea and juice recipes

Sources: Crowned & Rooted Philly places brief (verified October 2026). Call ahead for hours.